Cathode material of lithium ion battery.12 volt deep cycle marine battery

　　Among the many cathode materials for lithium ion batteries studied at present, layered transition metal oxide materials, spinel structure materials and olivine structure materials are considered to be the most promising materials. The ongoing research is mainly aimed at reducing the cost of material synthesis and extending the effective service life of materials.

　　LiCoO2 material is the most mature and widely used material at present, mainly used in small portable electronic products. With the large-scale development of lithium-ion batteries, due to its high price and high toxicity, its battery costs remain high, and there are also serious environmental pollution problems. Therefore, the lithium battery academia has been committed to finding alternative materials.

　　LiNiO2 material has received short attention for a period of time due to its high actual capacity (190-210mAh/g), low self-discharge rate and good compatibility with electrolyte. However, the synthesis of this material is difficult, and there are serious safety problems. Therefore, few researchers have studied it at present.

　　Among many alternative materials, spinel LiMn2O4 is a typical representative, with a reversible capacity of about 120mAh/g. This material has a series of advantages, such as low cost, good safety performance, non-pollution, etc. At the same time, its three-dimensional tunnel structure makes it have better magnification performance than the layered cathode material, and is more suitable for use as the cathode material of lithium power battery. However, its low capacity and poor cycle performance at high temperature limit its application.

　　In order to integrate the advantages of traditional LiCoO2, LiNiO2, LiMn204 and other cathode materials, the researchers developed new layered compounds LiCoxNiyMnzO2 and LiNi1-x-yCoxAlyO2. The typical ones are LiCo/3 Ni/3 Mn/3 O2 and LilNi1-x-yCoxAlyO2, It is currently a promising cathode material for lithium ion batteries. LiNi1-x-yCoxAlyO2 material is considered as the preferred cathode material for high-power lithium-ion batteries due to its stable structure during charging and discharging.

　　In addition to layered ternary compounds, polyanionic compounds are currently considered to be the most promising cathode materials for lithium ion batteries. LiFePO4 material is the most typical and has entered the commercial stage. This material has many advantages, such as wide source of materials, low production cost, high specific capacity, stable cycling performance at room temperature, good thermal stability, environmental friendliness, stable charging and discharging platform, and so on. Therefore, it has received extensive attention and research.

　　The theoretical specific capacity of LiFePOa material is 170mAh/g, and the working voltage is 3.4V. This voltage will not lead to the oxidation and decomposition of the electrolyte, but also can make the material maintain a high energy density, thus making the material an ideal cathode material. At the same time, there is a stable two-phase transition in the process of charging and discharging, rather than a single continuous change of lithium ion concentration, and the crystal structure will hardly rearrange, so it has a stable charging and discharging platform and stable cycle performance. The charge and discharge reaction mechanism is as follows:

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