The effect of low temperature on battery

　　Among all environmental factors, temperature has the greatest effect on the charging and discharge performance of the battery. The electrochemical reactions on the electrode/electrolyte interface are related to the ambient temperature. The electrode/electrolyte interface is considered the heart of the battery. At low temperature, the viscosity of the electrolyte is reduced. The conductivity decreases, and the activity of the activated substance will also be reduced. The difference in the concentration of the electrolyte will increase, the polarization will be enhanced, and the charging will be terminated early. More importantly, the diffusion speed of lithium ions in the carbon negative will be slower. It is easy to have lithium precipitation. The temperature decreases and the electrode reaction rate also decreases. Assuming that the battery voltage is kept constant, the discharge current is reduced, and the power output of the battery will decrease.

　　For example, lithium iron phosphate positive electronics itself is poor, and polarization is prone to generate in low temperature environments, which reduces the battery capacity; due to the low temperature, the speed of graphite lithium is reduced, and the metal lithium is easily analyzed on the negative surface. When it is put into use, all metal lithium cannot be embedded in the inside of graphite again. Some metal lithium continues to have the surface of the negative electrode, which is likely to form lithium branches crystal, which affects the safety of the battery. At low temperature, the viscosity of the electrolyte will increase, and the migration impedance of the lithium ion will be followed. Increase.

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Low -temperature battery has the following characteristics