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release time:2023-08-15
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Zinc manganese batteries have the advantages of abundant raw material sources, simple process, low price, and convenient use, making them the most widely used and widely used battery variety. Zinc manganese batteries use zinc as the negative electrode and manganese dioxide as the positive electrode. According to the basic structure, zinc manganese batteries can be made into cylindrical, buckle, and flat shapes. Flat batteries cannot be used alone, but can be combined with stacked batteries (groups). Zinc manganese batteries are divided into three types based on the differences in electrolytes used:
(1) Ammonium type zinc manganese battery: The electrolyte is mainly ammonium chloride, containing a small amount of zinc chloride.
Battery symbol: (-) Zn │ NH4Cl · ZnCl2 │ MnO2 │ C (graphite) (+)
Total battery reaction: Zn+2NH4Cl+2MnO2=[Zn (NH3) 2] Cl2+Mn2O3+H2O
(2) Zinc type zinc manganese battery: also known as high-power zinc manganese battery, the electrolyte is zinc chloride, which has good leak resistance, high power discharge, and high energy density. It is the second generation product of zinc manganese battery, first introduced by Germany in the early 1970s. With ammonium
Compared to zinc type batteries, type batteries do not produce water during long-term discharge, so they are less prone to liquid leakage.
Battery symbol: (-) Zn │ ZnCl2 │ MnO2 (+)
Total battery reaction (long-term discharge):
Zn+2Zn (OH) Cl+6MnO (OH)=ZnCl2 · 2ZnO · 4H2O+2Mn3O4
(3) Alkaline zinc manganese battery: This is the third generation product of zinc manganese batteries, which has advantages such as good high-power discharge performance, high energy density, and good low-temperature performance.
Battery symbol: (-) Zn │ KOH │ MnO2 (+)
Total battery reaction: Zn+2H2O+MnO2=Mn (OH) 2+Zn (OH) 2
The rated open circuit voltage of zinc manganese batteries is 1.5V, and the actual open circuit voltage is 1.5-1.8V. The working voltage is related to the discharge load, and the heavier the load or the smaller the discharge resistance, the lower the closed circuit voltage. When used for flashlight lighting, the typical termination voltage is 0.9V, and some radios allow the voltage to drop to 0.75V.
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